UTILITY COMMANDS USED IN THE MOLD DESIGN BY USING CAD
The following is
an alphabetical list of commands used in development of the standard mold base
and design of molds.
S.No.
|
COMMAND
|
DESCRIPTION
|
REMARKS
|
1
|
ARC
|
Draws an arc of any
size. The default method is by
specifying two ends points and a point along the arc, but several other
methods are available.
|
This command is effectively
used in the product development.
|
2
|
AREA
|
Computes the area of a polygon,
polyline, or circle.
|
Used in the calculation of
core and cavity development and clamp-force factors.
|
3
|
ARRAY
|
Makes multiple copies of
selected objects in a rectangular or circular plan.
|
Polar circular array and
rectangular array is used in core and cavity layout plan.
|
4
|
ATTDEF
|
Creates an Attribute
definition entity for textual information to be associated with a Block
Definition.
|
Preparation of database for
standard mold parts.
|
5
|
ATTEDIT
|
Permits editing of
Attributes.
|
Used in preparation of
database.
|
6
|
AXIS
|
Displays a “ruler line” on
the graphics monitor.
|
Gives on-line element
locations.
|
7
|
BLOCK
|
Forms a compound object
from a group of entitles.
|
Development of database for
mold parts e.g. guide pillar, screws, guide bush, locating ring etc.
|
8
|
CHAMFER
|
Creates a chamfer at the
intersection of two lines.
|
Used in detailed designs
and drafting.
|
9
|
CHPROP
|
Modifies properties of
selection objects.
|
Used in the editing during
the mold drafting to alter the part positioning.
|
10
|
CIRCLE
|
draws a circle of any
size. The default method is by centre
point and radius, but other methods are available.
|
|
11
|
COLOR
|
Establishes the color for
subsequently drawn objects.
|
To differentiate the
important parts like core and cavity in the assembly different colours may be
used.
|
12
|
COPY
|
Draws a copy of selected
objects.
|
Used in cavity and runner
layout design for multi-impression molds.
|
13
|
DELAY
|
Delays execution of the
next command for and for a specified time.
Used with command scripts.
|
|
14
|
DIM
|
Invokes dimensioning mode,
permitting many dimension notations to be added to a drawing.
|
Used in dimensioning of the
mold parts.
|
15
|
DIM 1
|
Allows one dimension
notation to be added to a drawing then returns to normal command mode.
|
Used in dimensioning of the
mold parts.
|
16
|
DIST
|
Finds distance between two
points.
|
Used to check the exact
position of cavity and runner positions.
|
17
|
DIVIDE
|
Places markers along a
selected object, dividing it into a specified number of equal parts.
|
Used to divide core and
cavity into required number of parts for the analysis purpose.
|
18
|
DOUGHNUT or DONUT
|
Draws rings with specified
inside and outside diameters.
|
Used to highlight the
impression or molding.
|
19
|
DTEXT
|
Draws text items
dynamically.
|
Preparation of title
blocks, bill of materials.
|
20
|
DVIEW
|
Defines parallel or visual
perspective views dynamically.
|
To view the core and cavity
assembly in different angles.
|
21
|
ELEV
|
Sets elevation and
extrusion thickness for subsequently drawn entities. Used in 3D visualizations.
|
Modifying thickness of mold
core and mold plates.
|
22
|
ELLIPSE
|
Draws ellipses using any of
several specifications.
|
|
23
|
END
|
Exits the drawing editor
after saving the updated
|
|
24
|
ERASE
|
Erases entities from the
drawing
|
Used for editing the
existing drawings.
|
25
|
FILL
|
Controls whether solids,
Traces, and wide Polylines are automatically filled on the screen and the
plot output.
|
Cavity development.
|
26
|
FILLET
|
Constructs an arc of
specified radius between two lines, arcs, or circles.
|
Detailed drawing works.
|
27
|
GRID
|
Displays a grid of dots, at
desired spacing, on the screen.
|
This feature helps to get a
sense of the sizes of drawing entities and this relationship. The grid is not considered part of the
drawing, it is for visual reference only and is never plotted.
|
28
|
HATCH
|
Perform crosshatching and
pattern filling.
|
Hatching generates line
entities for the chosen pattern and adds them to the drawing. Since a pattern may contain many lines, CAD
normally groups there lines into an internally generated block.
|
29
|
‘HELP or ‘?
|
Displays a list of valid
commands and data entry options or obtains help for a specific command.
|
Displays a list of valid commands
and data entry options or obtains help for a specific command.
|
30
|
HIDS
|
Regenerates a 3D
visualization with “hidden” lines removed.
|
Regenerated a 3D
visualization with “hidden” lines removed.
|
31
|
LAYER
|
Creates names drawing
layers and assigns color and linetype properties to those layers.
|
|
32
|
LIMITS
|
Changes the drawing
boundaries and controls checking of those boundaries.
|
|
33
|
LINE
|
Draws a straight lines of
any length.
|
|
34
|
LINETYPE
|
Defines linetypes
(sequences of alternating line segments and spaces), loads them from
libraries, and sets the linetype for Subsequently drawn objects
|
|
35
|
LIST
|
Lists database information
for selected objects.
|
|
36
|
LTSCALE
|
Sets scale factor to be
applied to all linetypes within drawing.
|
|
37
|
MEASURE
|
Places markers at specified
intervals along a selected object.
|
|
38
|
MIRROR
|
Reflects designed entities
about a user specified axis.
|
|
39
|
MOVE
|
Moves designated entities
to another location.
|
|
40
|
MULTIPLE
|
Causes the next command to
repeat until canceled.
|
|
41
|
ORTHO
|
Constrains drawing so that
only lines aligned with the grid can be entered.
|
|
42
|
PLAN
|
Puts the display in PLAN
view (V POINT 0, 0, 1) relative to either the current UCS, a specified UCS,
or the World Coordinate System.
|
|
43
|
PLOT
|
Plots a drawing on a pen
plotter.
|
|
44
|
POLYGON
|
Draws regular polygons with
the specified number of side.
|
|
45
|
QUIT
|
Exists the Drawing Editor
and returns to AUTOCAD’S Main Menu, discarding any changes to the drawing.
|
|
46
|
SAVE
|
Updates the current drawing
file without exiting the Drawing Editor.
|
|
47
|
SCALE
|
Alters the size of existing
objects.
|
|
48
|
SHAPE
|
Draws pre-defined shapes.
|
|
49
|
SKETCH
|
Permits free-hand
sketching.
|
|
50
|
SOLID
|
Draws filled in polygons
|
|
51
|
STATUS
|
Displays drawing statistics
& modes.
|
|
52
|
STRETCH
|
Allows you to move a
portion of a drawing while retaining connections to other parts of the
drawing.
|
|
53
|
STYLE
|
Creates named text styles,
with user selected combinations of font, mirroring, obliquing, and horizontal
scaling.
|
|
54
|
TEXT
|
Draws text characters of
any size, with selected styles.
|
|
55
|
TIME
|
Displays drawing creation
and update times, and permits control of an elapsed timer.
|
|
56
|
UNITS
|
Selects coordinate and angled
display formats and precision.
|
|
57
|
VIEWPORTS
OR
VPORTS
|
Divide AUTOCAD’S graphics
display into multiple viewports, each of which may contain a different view
of the current drawing.
|
|
58
|
VPOINT
|
Selects the viewpoint for a
3D visualization.
|
|
59
|
3D FACE
|
Draws three-dimensional
plane sections.
|
|
60
|
3D MESH
|
Defines a three dimensional
polygon mesh by specifying its size (in terms of M and N) and the location of
each vertex in the mesh.
|
|
61
|
3DPOLY
|
Creates a three-dimensional
polyline.
|
|
DIMENSIONING COMMANDS
COMMAND
|
DESCRIPTION
|
ALIGNED
ANGULAR
BASELINE
CENTRE
CONTINUE
DIAMETER
EXIT
HOMETEXT
HORIZONTAL
LEADER
NEWTEXT
RADIUS
REDRAW
RPTATED
STATUS
STYLE
UNDO
UPDATE
VERTICAL
|
Generates a
linear dimension with the dimension line parallel to the specified extension
line origin points. This permits you
to align the dimensioning notation with the object.
Generates an arc
to show the angle between two nonparallel lines.
Continues a
linear dimension from the baseline (first extension line) of the previous
dimension.
Draws a
Circle/Arc centre mark or centre lines.
Continues a
linear dimension from the second extension line of the previous
dimension. In effect, this breaks one
long dimension into shorter segments that add up to the total measurement.
Dimensions the
diameter of a circle or arc.
Returns to the
normal Drawing Editor command mode.
Restores the
text of an associative Dimensions.
Generates a
linear dimension with a horizontal dimension line.
Draws a line or
sequence of lines (similar to the normal LINE command) for controlled
placement of dimension text. Useful
mostly for radius and diameter dimensioning.
Changes the text
of existing associative Dimensions.
Dimensions the
radius of a circle or arc, with an optional centre mark or centre lines.
Redraws the
entire display, erasing any marker “blips” that were present (just like the
normal REDRAW command).
Generates a
linear dimension with the dimension line drawn at a specified angle.
Displays all
dimensioning variables and their current values.
Switches to a
new text style.
Erases the
annotations produced by the most recent dimensioning command.
Updates existing
associative Dimension entities to use the current settings of the dimension
variables, the current UNITS settings.
Generates a
linear dimension with a vertical dimension line.
|
OBJECT SELECTION :
OBJECT SELECTION OPTION
|
MEANING
|
POINT
MULTIPLE
LAST
WINDOW
CROSSING
BOX
AUTO
PREVIOUS
ADD
REMOVE
UNDO
SINGLE
|
Selects one
object that crosses the small “pick box”.
If no object crosses the pick box and Auto mode has been selected,
this designated point is taken as the first corner of a Crossing or window
box.
allows selection
of multiple objects using a single search of the drawing. the search is not performed until you give
a null response to the “select objects” prompt.
selects the most
recently drawn object that is currently visible.
Selects all
objects that lie entirely within a window.
Selects all
objects that lie within or cross a window.
Prompts for two
points. If the second point is to the
right of the first point, selects all objects inside box (like
“Window”). Otherwise, selects all
objects within or crossing the box (like “crossing”).
Accepts a point,
which can select an object using the small “pick box”. If the point you pick is in an empty area,
it is taken as the first corner of a “Box” (see above).
Selects the
previous selection set.
Establishes
“add” mode to add following objects to the selection-set.
Sets “remove”
mode to remove following objects from the selection-set.
Undo (remove
objects last added).
Sets “single”
selection mode. As soon as one object
or one group of objects via Window/Crossing box) is selected, the
selection-set is considered complete and the editing command uses it without
further user interaction.
|
for want to see the previous PART-1